Barbour County was created by an act of the Legislature meeting in the state capitol of Tuscaloosa on December 18, 1832, as one of the political subdivisions carved out of land ceded by the Creek Indians under the treaty of March 1832. In 1833, the first Barbour County Court House, a round log building 20 feet square, was erected on this site. The first county seat was at Louisville, which had previously served as the county seat of Pike, and the old Pike County Court House was used temporarily until the site was changed to Clayton. The first Circuit Court was held in Clayton on September 23, 1833. Eleven commissioners were appointed by the Alabama Legislature to select a centrally located site for a permanent seat of justice, to be named Clayton in honor of Augustin S. Clayton, a distinguished jurist of Georgia who represented his state in Congress from 1831-1835: Jacob Utery, Daniel McKenzie, William Cadenhead, James A. Head, William Norton, William Bush, Green Beauchamp, Samuel G. B. Adams, Noah B. Cole, Robert Richards, and T.W. Pugh.