Between 24 and 30 million years ago during the Oligocene period, rivers and streams flowing across broad coastal plains deposited the sediments that became the Catahoula Formation, a band of sandstones, sand, clays, and conglomerates found in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. In Louisiana, this formation stretches across the central part of the state and shows that beaches and deltas once lay 125 miles farther inland than today’s coastline. Wolf Rock Cave was created here by erosion and consists of two small rock overhangs overlooking Bundick’s Creek. It is the only known rock shelter in Louisiana used by its early people. The site was used during the Late Archaic period from 2500 to 1000 B.C., primarily as a lithic procurement area where Archaic people collected chert to make tools, though archaeological evidence also indicates short-term habitation. Archaic Indians lived in small nomadic hunter-gatherer groups within limited geographic areas and made stone tools and ornaments, bone needles, awls, fishhooks, beads, hairpins, antler alati hooks, handles, and spear points, as well as less common tortoise shell rattles and shell ornaments. They also made baskets for carrying and storing seeds, roots, fruits, and nuts, used specially shaped stones to crack nutshells, ground nuts and seeds into meal with grinding stones, and made axes and chopping tools for cutting trees and hollowing out trunks. Undisturbed traces of such activities allow archaeologists to determine who used a place, when it was used, and what was done there.