Lumbering reached this area in the 1830s, cutting white and red pine along the St. Croix River. With few sawmills, much of the pine was floated down the St. Croix to the Mississippi River and then to other states. Winter logging camps that supplied the timber usually had about 15 men and a few teams of oxen. The industry expanded rapidly, producing 5 million board feet of lumber in 1840 and 90 million board feet from the new Minnesota Territory ten years later. By the 1880s, it boomed as lumbermen who had made fortunes in Michigan and Wisconsin brought new wealth and western markets expanded. Steam-powered sawmills processed millions of logs each year, lumberjacks spread through the northern forests, camps grew to an average of 70 men, horses replaced oxen, and steam-powered equipment later replaced horses. In 1900, the peak year of the pine log harvest, the state produced more than one billion board feet of logs, enough timber to build a nine-foot-wide boardwalk around the earth at the equator. After 1905, production declined as pine was depleted and timber companies shifted to new pine stands in the Pacific Northwest and the South. By 1930, the pine sawmill industry ended with the closing of the last sawmill near Virginia, Minnesota, after 100 years of logging had removed most of the pine. The timber industry revived in the 1970s, when more than a dozen new forest product plants were built or expanded to make paper, composite board, laminates, and other items. In the 1990s, harvests of all forest products in the state matched 1900 levels, and today Minnesota forest products are marketed worldwide and appear in homes, cars, and even ice cream.