Smith Rock Shelter is a natural limestone overhang in McKinney Falls State Park near Austin, Texas, along Onion Creek. For centuries, it provided a place of refuge and habitation, and it is believed to have been used by Native Americans from about 500 BCE into the 18th century. The last known occupants were related to the Tonkawa, tying the shelter to an Indigenous people historically associated with Central Texas. Its importance rests on this long continuity of human use and on its rarity as one of only two natural rock shelters in Travis County listed on the National Register of Historic Places.