By the summer of 1871, men laying track for the Santa Fe railroad established a railhead at the new boomtown of Newton, which became the loading point for Texas longhorns coming north on the Chisholm Trail and replaced Abilene, Kansas. Newton's stockyards, along with good grass and water, prepared thousands of cattle for shipment to eastern markets. The town drew saloons, dance halls, and gambling dens competing for cowboys' end-of-trail paychecks, with some on Main Street and W. 5th Street and the most notorious in the red-light district of Block 52, known as Hide Park, bordered by 1st and 2nd Streets and Plum and Poplar. In the summer of 1871, lawlessness was prevalent as Civil War tensions remained raw while northerners and Texas cowboys mixed. Shootings were documented during the cowboy reign from June 1871 to January 1873, and the most infamous was the Newton Massacre in August 1871 at Perry Tuttle's dance hall, where Bill Hugh Anderson, a Texas cowboy, entered and shot Mike McCluskie; before dying, McCluskie shot and wounded Anderson; then McCluskie's friend Riley drew his gun and fired in the hall, and an estimated five men were killed. The violence was short-lived as farmers grew increasingly disgruntled with longhorns damaging crops and transmitting disease to local cattle, community leaders and residents pressed to establish law and order, railheads moved south to Wichita and west to Dodge City with the businesses supported by the cattle drives following them, and new industries unrelated to the cattle trade soon appeared as Newton turned toward safety and prosperity.