Battle Mound Site near Magnolia in southwestern Arkansas is a major archaeological center of the Caddoan Mississippian culture in the Red River basin. Its main mound, built mostly between 1200 and 1400 CE, is the largest known mound of this regional tradition, measuring about 670 feet long, 320 feet wide, and 34 feet high. Four nearby rises may also be constructed mounds, and surrounding burial grounds, habitation areas, and other mound sites suggest a broader ceremonial or settlement complex with Battle Mound at its center. Limited but important research, from 1948 investigations to recent archaeogeophysical study, has deepened understanding of Caddoan monument building and regional organization.