The Korean War ravaged the peninsula and left family members separated only by geography on opposite sides of the conflict, turning the war into brother versus brother, father versus son, and cousin versus cousin. As villages and towns were destroyed, many Koreans became destitute, wandering homeless with starvation, disease, bitter cold, and death as their constant companions, yet the spirit of the Korean people remained unbroken and resolute. In a poem by Chang Ho-gang, a soldier in the Republic of Korea Army, ruined cities, destroyed villages, denuded hills, and dry valleys frame a call to keep an iron will, not to grieve only for a maimed body and ruined home, but to rebuild life and home and hope to plant flowers in tomorrow's garden and reap bouquets of joy in time. Civilian casualties of the Korean War included killed and missing totals of 632,407 in South Korea and 1,078,000 in North Korea, and wounded totals of 229,625 in South Korea and an estimated 1,000,000 in North Korea.