In the late 19th century, cast iron turbines began to replace wooden water wheels because they were less susceptible to freezing, avoided the costly construction and continual repairs of wooden wheels, provided more power with greater efficiency, took up less space, and used simpler gearing. This turbine worked by directing a flow of water into a closed case, where the water had to pass through adjustable angled gates and turn a central rotor. The rotor turned an iron shaft that transmitted power to the mill's machinery. During the 1970s restoration of the mill, the turbine was moved and placed on display, and to return the mill to working order it was replaced by a 6.35 ton steel Fitz overshot water wheel. The turbine was manufactured by William Bartley and Sons, Foundry and Machine Shop in nearby Bartleyville, New Jersey, and its patented gearing arrangement allowed the rotor gates to be adjusted for maximum running efficiency. A wooden penstock brought water from the headrace to the turbine, where the water turned a rotor inside the metal housing, and a shaft extending from the top turned belts that powered the mill's machinery.