ARTSCULTURE · HISTORICAL MARKER
Mark Twain
Arts & Culture
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Mark Twain, born Samuel Longhorne Clemens in the nearby village of Florida on Nov. 30, 1835, was born in a two-room clapboard house rented by his parents, John M. and Jane Lampton Clemens, after their arrival from Tennessee that year. After the family moved in 1839 to Hannibal, Mo., he spent many summers on his Uncle John Quarles' farm near Florida, and from his boyhood in Hannibal and here he drew material for "Tom Sawyer" and "Huckleberry Finn." In 1853, he left work on his brother Orion's Hannibal newspaper and went on to become a printer, Mississippi River pilot, miner, writer, and lecturer in the West, where he adopted the pen name Mark Twain, meaning two fathoms, a river measure. He married Olivia Langdon in 1870 and died on April 21, 1910, and was buried in Elmira, N.Y. His birthplace was given in 1924 to the Mark Twain Memorial Park Association by M.A. Violette, later maintained as a museum, and before being moved to the park in 1930 had already been moved once and used as a printing office, grain storage shed, and cow shelter. Mark Twain State Park, a woodland tract along the South Fork of Salt River, was given to the state in 1924 by the Mark Twain Memorial Park Association, formed in 1923 by country editors of northeast Missouri, and the state later added to the original gift. Related sites include the Bringhurst bust of Twain in Florida, erected by the state in 1913; in Hannibal, the state statue of Twain by Hibbard, his statue of Tom and Huck, the Mark Twain Museum and Home, Becky Thatcher House, Mark Twain Cave, and other sites; graves of Twain's sister and other relatives in Florida's cemetery; the Mark Twain Research Foundation and its collections at Perry; and the State Historical Society of Missouri in Columbia, which holds a noted collection of Twain's writings and a file of Hannibal newspapers on which he worked. General Ulysses S. Grant's first assignment of the Civil War brought him to Florida in July 1861, when he was looking for Col. T.A. Harris, who had withdrawn.
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