The 340-acre Wythe County Poorhouse Farm was established in 1858 to care for elderly, disabled, and impoverished people of Wythe County. Governed by the Wythe County Board of Supervisors, it remained county-owned until 1957, when it was sold at public auction. A county-appointed official known as the overseer of the poor operated the facility. The property included eight pauper houses, the overseer’s residence, and supporting farm structures. It was listed on the Virginia Landmarks Register in 1999 and the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.