West Virginia, Mineral County, known as The Mountain State, was the western part of the Commonwealth of Virginia until June 20, 1863. It was settled by Germans and Scots-Irish, and it became a line of defense between the English and French during the French and Indian War, 1754-1763. Maryland was named for Queen Henrietta Maria, the wife of Charles I, who gave a royal charter to Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, in 1632. It was first settled at Saint Mary's City in 1634 and is one of the thirteen original colonies.