On-site staff housing at the U.S. Public Health Service Hospital in Carville began when the Daughters of Charity arrived in April 1896 to care for leprosy patients and lived in the old plantation, Indian Camp. After U.S. Public Health Service officers took operational control of the hospital in 1921, staff quarters were laid out on three streets on the upriver side of Indian Camp Plantation. In the 1920's, before permanent housing was available, World War I army barracks were moved onto the site as a temporary solution, and some remained in use until 1960, when single-story brick bungalows replaced them. The first permanent staff house, the Medical Officer in Charge's residence, was built in 1921 with a deep screened porch and a large widow's walk astride the roof, and in 1934 a larger wood-frame and brick home was constructed across the street. Two-story staff residences built in the mid-1930s were generally neo-Georgian in style, with box-columned porches, gabled side rooflines, cornice details, dormers, and projecting porticoes; the plan included both two-story duplexes and single-family homes. Many generations of U.S. Public Health Service officers and their families lived on site, with doctors and P.H.S. officers usually on 1st Street, top tradesmen and their families on 2nd or 3rd Street, and Bachelor Officers' Quarters built in 1941 on 3rd Street for single U.S.P.H.S. staff. The staff side of the hospital campus included a swimming pool, tennis court, and nine-hole golf course, while the patients' side had its own tennis and golf facilities as well as a baseball diamond and grandstand.