Doubtful Canyon was a historically important pass through the Peloncillo Mountains on the Arizona–New Mexico line, formed by two adjoining canyons that created a relatively low route across the range. Its water sources and low divide made it a favored shortcut for early east-west travel on the Southern Emigrant Trail, and the Butterfield Overland Mail also crossed here. Nearby Steins Peak Station was established in the canyon, but during the Apache wars it became a scene of violence. Apache destroyed the station and killed its keepers in 1861, and in 1864 soldiers of the California Column fought Apache near Steins Peak in the Skirmish in Doubtful Canyon.