Monomoy Wilderness is a 3,244-acre protected coastal habitat south of Cape Cod in Massachusetts, within Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Most of the refuge is designated wilderness, covering all of the north island and nearly all of the south island. Coastal storms shaped its present form, severing Monomoy Point from the mainland in 1958 and later separating the two islands. Its dunes, salt marshes, and mudflats provide vital habitat for migratory birds, including piping plovers and roseate terns, while winter shoreline areas attract hundreds of gray and harbor seals. First protected in 1944, it remains important for wildlife.