Canada geese gather at Dead Creek from many places in eastern North America, drawn by the refuge’s protection and the area’s mix of forage fields and water. In fall, the geese found here form the largest concentrations in Vermont’s Champlain Valley region. In early spring, migrant birds stop here while flying from wintering grounds in the Chesapeake Bay region to breeding areas in northern Quebec, and the local breeding population also returns from wintering in coastal New Jersey to nest at Dead Creek. By late March, mated pairs are usually establishing nesting territories, and in April through early May the female incubates a clutch of 5-6 eggs for 28 days while the male guards the nest site. Hatching peaks in mid to late May, when goslings leave the nest and are cared for by both parents. From October 1 through November 15, large flocks from northern breeding areas join local birds to rest and feed on corn and green forage crops, rebuilding the energy needed for migration south.
