History
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When the English arrived in 1607, Paramount Chief Powhatan controlled much of Tidewater Virginia, with a sphere of influence that included over 30 tribes and 160 towns from the coast to the James River fall line. The colonists built Jamestown in the territory of the Paspahegh, a Powhatan tribe whose primary town stood six miles upriver. Writing in 1612, colonist William Strachey noted that in springtime some Virginia Indians dispersed in small companies and lived on animals they killed with bows and arrows, as well as crabs, oysters, land tortoises, strawberries, mulberries, roots of tuckahoe berries, ground nuts, fish, and green wheat (corn). On Jamestown Island, Glasshouse Point, and at Neck of Land, archaeologists found fire-cracked rock from campfires, stone flakes from tool making, pottery sherds, projectile points, and deposits of oyster shell, evidence of hunting and fishing camps, many dating to the Woodland period.
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