In a wooded area of southwestern Noxubee County, Mississippi, near Dancing Rabbit Creek, Choctaw leaders and federal representatives met from September 15 to 27, 1830, to negotiate removal from Choctaw homelands. The resulting Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek forced the surrender of ancestral lands for territory in present-day Oklahoma. As the first treaty negotiated after the Indian Removal Act, it became a model for later removal agreements. The proceedings were bitterly disputed, with many Choctaw opposing the treaty and later accounts alleging threats, bribery, and extortion. The agreement led directly to the Choctaw Trail of Tears and the removal of most Choctaw people in 1831 to 1833.