Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge in southwestern Oklahoma preserves one of the region's best remaining mixed-grass prairies within an ancient mountain landscape of granite outcrops, oak woodland, ravines, and lakes. Established in 1901 and given its present name in 1936, it is the oldest managed wildlife facility in the United States Fish and Wildlife Service system. The refuge played a major role in southern Great Plains mammal conservation, especially through the reintroduction of bison, elk, and longhorn cattle. It also protects exceptional biodiversity, including hundreds of plant and bird species, while serving as a major destination for hiking, fishing, camping, birdwatching, photography, and rock climbing.