Anderson Mountain is a summit in Iron County, Missouri, about two miles east of Pilot Knob, with an elevation of 1,467 feet. It is one of the upland features of the St. Francois Mountains in southeastern Missouri. The mountain was named for the local Anderson family, following a common pattern in which smaller American summits preserve the names of early residents and landholders. Although little else is recorded here, its name, elevation, and setting connect it closely to the landscape surrounding Pilot Knob and to the local families who helped define it.