Avi Kwa Ame National Monument protects about 506,000 acres of Mojave Desert in southern Nevada, centered on Spirit Mountain, a peak sacred to Yuman tribes as the site of creation. Established in 2023 under the Antiquities Act, it encompasses mountain ranges, valleys, wilderness areas, wildlife habitat, Joshua trees, Native American cultural sites, and part of the Mojave Road on the Old Spanish National Historic Trail. Its designation followed years of advocacy, especially by the Fort Mojave Indian Tribe, and united a large connected landscape while formally recognizing Indigenous significance and supporting tribal co-stewardship.