MINERνA is a Fermilab neutrino scattering experiment on the NuMI beamline, built to measure low-energy neutrino interactions and how different nuclei affect them, improving neutrino oscillation research. Developed from proposals submitted in 2002, it began recording events in 2009, started full-detector running in 2010, and ended its physics run in 2019 after operating with neutrino and antineutrino beams. Its layered scintillator detector and nuclear targets of helium, carbon, water, iron, and lead allowed three-dimensional reconstruction and direct material comparisons. MINERνA produced important results on neutrino flux, multinucleon effects, pion and kaon production, and nuclear-size-dependent interaction behavior.