The Houston-Bailey House, built about 1835 as a residence by Matthew C. Houston, a founding citizen and early merchant of Livingston, was visited in 1845 by his cousin Sam Houston. Later residents included Adolph Brown, who with his brother established the first bank in Livingston, and Charles C. Bailey, who purchased the home in the 1940s and lived there until 1975. For a short time, the house also served as a boarding house for young men attending the State Teachers College, now the University of West Alabama. It was significant as one of the town's best examples of Federal-period domestic architecture, a style prevalent in Alabama from the late 1700s until the late 1830s, and its Anglo-Palladian façade, dividing the front into three parts in a window-door-window arrangement, was the only example in the area and one of the few in south Alabama.