Gaineswood was built from 1842 to 1860 by Gen. Nathan Bryan Whitfield, 1799-1868, an accomplished planter of the Canebrake, using imported materials and artisans. It glorified Greek Revival architecture by combining a Doric exterior, a Corinthian grand ballroom, and Ionic parlor and dining room with mirrors, chandeliers, columns, and domes. The house was named for Gen. George Strother Gaines, 1784-1872, a distinguished United States Agent and Factor to the Choctaw Indian Nation.