The Wagon Box Fight took place on August 2, 1867. A later understanding of the battle has found discrepancies in earlier accounts and has emphasized that Lakota warriors died on this field in defense of their culture. It is not known whether Red Cloud was the actual leader during the battle, and the number of Lakota warriors involved is now estimated at 1,000 to 1,500. Native American casualty estimates, based on oral histories, range from six to sixty. Two Lakota individuals noted in both white and Indian accounts were Red Cloud’s unnamed nephew and a Miniconjou Sioux named Jipala; both were killed in the battle after displaying unusual courage and leadership in repeated attempts to defeat the corral defenders.