Twenty-eight soldiers of Company C, 27th United States Infantry, and four civilians held an improvised fort made of fourteen ordinary wagon boxes against three thousand Sioux warriors under the leadership of Red Cloud for six or seven hours under continuous fire in the Wagon Box Fight. The number of Indians killed was variously estimated from three hundred to eleven hundred. Participants named in the engagement were Capt. Jas Powell, 1st Lt. John G. Jenness, 1st Sgt. John M. Hoover, Corp. Max Littman, 1st Sgt. John H. McQuiery, Corp. Francis Robertson, Privates Wm. A. Baker, Ashton P. Barton, Wm. Black, Chas. Brooks, Alexander Brown, Denis Brown, John Buzzard, Fredrick Clads, James Condon, Thomas Doyle, Nolan V. Deming, John Grady, John M. Garrett, Henry Gross, Samuel Gibson, Henry Haggerty, Mark Haller, Phillip C. Jones, Freeland Phillips, John L. Somers, Chas. A. Stevens, Julius Strange, and four unknown civilians killed.