Hawk Mountain Sanctuary in eastern Pennsylvania is a protected raptor conservation site along the Appalachian flyway, renowned for watching the annual migration of hawks, eagles, and falcons. It emerged from a campaign to end the long-standing shooting of hawks on the mountain; in 1934 Rosalie Edge leased 1,400 acres and hired wardens Maurice and Irma Broun, and the birds quickly began to recover. Incorporated in 1938, the sanctuary became a lasting center for conservation, research, and education. Its migration counts are the world’s longest record of raptor populations, helping reveal long-term changes in North American birds of prey.