From 1867 to 1884, this trade route from southern Texas to Kansas carried an estimated five million head of cattle north to the railheads in Abilene, Kansas. It was named for Jesse Chisholm, a man of Scottish-Cherokee descent who built several trading posts in what is now western Oklahoma, though he was not a cattleman. He was a trader, guide, and interpreter who spoke more than 14 Native American dialects, had a natural instinct for direction, and died without ever knowing that the famous trail was named after him. Chisholm was remembered as an "Ambassador of the Plains," symbolized by his offering of a traditional peace pipe and his gaze toward the Kingfisher portion of the trail.