The 1906 earthquake severely damaged most of the buildings at Agnews and caused the deaths of 106 patients and 11 staff. Director Leonard Stocking turned the disaster into an opportunity to change care for the mentally ill. State Architect George Sellon assigned designer Leonard Willeke to work with Stocking on a hospital built along innovative lines, with low-rise concrete buildings in a park-like setting. In the new facilities, Agnews became the first California mental hospital to adopt a philosophy of scientific treatment with the hope of release. Agnews continued to grow through the 20th century and functioned like a small town, with a fire department, laundry, clothing store, working farm, barber shop, and bakery. By 1955, four thousand six hundred patients lived there. The East Campus in San Jose opened in 1932, and by 1960 the combined facilities included more than 150 buildings. As the institution expanded, ideas for treatment also changed, and in 1966 Agnews began treating developmentally disabled people separately from the mentally ill.