Beginning in the coastal Mid-Atlantic region in the mid-1800s, turpentine camps moved south as entire pine forests were worked and the trees were left with little to no sap production. By the late 1800s, turpentine production camps had reached the pine forests of northern Florida, and the industry boomed between the late 1800s and 1920s as camps were established throughout the pine forests of North Central Florida. These camps were often staffed with leased convicts, in a system formally known as penal servitude and peonage, along with paid laborers, but only the laborers received payment, in the form of company scrip or coin that could be used only at company stores. Workers often fell into debt to the company, and their employment was enforced until that debt was paid. After the 1920s, camps began to close in favor of timber harvesting.