The Oscar Leibhart Site in Lower Windsor Township, Pennsylvania, preserves a long record of Native occupation from the Early Woodland Period through the mid-17th century. Its most important phase was a Susquehannock village occupied around 1665 to 1675, set on a hilltop above the river, enclosed by a palisade, and large enough for roughly 1,200 people. Important enough to appear on Augustin Herrman’s 1670 map, the village is also linked to three Indigenous cemeteries. Later excavations, from early digging by Oscar Leibhart to professional archaeological work in the 20th century, established the site as a major preserved record of Susquehannock life in the lower Susquehanna Valley.