Designed in the Colonial Revival style by Scopes and Feustmann of Saranac Lake, New York, The Vermont Sanatorium was constructed and endowed by Redfield Proctor and his family as a private pay institution for the treatment of tuberculosis. Completed in 1907, its center building housed administration, an infirmary, staff quarters, and public areas, with a West Cottage for men to the southwest and an East Cottage for women to the southeast, both connected by glass-enclosed loggias, and a northwest wing for additional patients added in 1930. Early twentieth-century tuberculosis treatment there emphasized bed rest, fresh air, outdoor sleeping, a good diet, sunshine, ultra-violet lamps, and sometimes surgical procedures. Although built for forty-four patients, it often housed more. In 1921, the Board of Trustees donated the sanatorium, its endowment, and all property to the State of Vermont. Its medical directors were Dr. H.D. Chadwick from 1907 to 1913, Dr. Edw. J. Rogers from 1913 to 1947, and Dr. Louis Benson from 1947 to 1966. The sanatorium closed in 1966, and the building reopened in 1971 as the Vermont Police Academy.